Doctors use ultrasound to detect a baby's first heartbeat, but it can also detect heart problems. An echocardiogram (ECG, EKG, or "echo" for short) uses ultrasound (high-frequency sound waves) to map the structure and functioning of the heart, and to uncover defects in the heart valves and chambers. The procedure is simple and painless.
How an "echo" works
You will lie on your back or on your left side on a bed or table. Small metal discs (electrodes) will be taped to your arms and legs to record your heart rate during the test. For more information, see the medical test Electrocardiogram.
A small amount of gel will be rubbed on the left side of your chest to help pick up the sound waves. A small instrument (transducer) which looks like a microphone, is pressed firmly against your chest and moved slowly back and forth. This instrument sends sound waves into the chest and picks up the echoes as they reflect off different parts of the heart. The echoes are sent to a video monitor that records pictures of your heart for later viewing and evaluation. The room is usually darkened to help the technician see the pictures on the monitor.
At times you will be asked to hold very still, breathe in and out very slowly, hold your breath, or lie on your left side. The transducer is usually moved to different areas on your chest that provide specific views of your heart.
The test usually takes from 30 to 60 minutes. When the test is over, the gel is wiped off and the electrodes are removed.
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